Japan's history unfolds through diverse epochs, from the ancient Jomon culture to the Yayoi and Kofun periods. The Heian period's cultural flourishing gave way to the feudal era under the Kamakura shogunate, leading to unification by figures like Oda Nobunaga. The Edo period brought peace, and the Meiji Restoration marked a shift to modernization in 1868. Japan's imperial ambitions in the early 20th century led to World War II. Postwar reconstruction propelled Japan into economic prominence. The Heisei era (1989–2019) saw technological advances, and Emperor Naruhito ushered in the Reiwa era in 2019. Today, Japan seamlessly integrates tradition and progress on the global stage.